March 21, 2004

 

Notes on the 200 points on Education

 

(by Karmayogi)

 

 

  1. A city is a university:

 

Ø       A city is full of life. Greater life teaches you greater things. When life is primitive, the lower forces are more organised, so one is more defensive. In a city, anybody will be ready to help you. In a village, everyone will be ready to destroy you, unless mutual help is necessary.

Ø       A city has more expressions of modern technology. For the curious, the city offers a greater occasion to understand. Cities have libraries, museums, etc.

Ø       For a person who has a natural endowment of personality (at birth), he has a greater scope for development in the city. The city helps develop your personality.

Ø       How? The city helps whatever endowment you have. It has a maximum and a minimum. If you have opinions, motives, if you are finite, you will get the minimum out of the city. If you are open-minded and willing to examine your opinions and motives and subject them to the new opportunity, you have the maximum opportunity.

Ø       Cities give amorphous, unstructured education. Now we must give structured, organised education at a higher level meant for accomplishment.

 

 

  1. Personality determines the accomplishment, not talents or capacities or even values:

 

Ø       Personality is the centralising element in the being of the person which is open to or receptive to any new experience it can receive. Such an opening is greater in the city. Character will react.

Ø       Personality is the unformed, unstructured human energy that loves the challenge of life, is curious to know and has an urge to act.

Ø       Manners are what I put up for another person. They can be developed into behaviour by values. Behaviour is what I believe I should put up. It is changeable, not organised. It can be developed into character by commitment. Character is structured. Man can change his behaviour, not his character. Character means the emotions have accepted an idea from the mind. They won’t change after that. Personality is beyond the character.

Ø       Most people don’t have behaviour.

Ø       If you don’t have personality, you try but you will accomplish only as much as your father has accomplished. Personality is a development of the whole. Talents and capacities are partial. Everyone who has accomplished has a personality.

Ø       Only personality will let you go beyond your father’s achievement. When skill, talent, and ability accomplish in a particular field, personality can accomplish in any field or all fields. If you put Rajaji anywhere, he could accomplish.

Ø       There is no field of life in which there is no gradation. At any one moment, you are presented with all the gradations. How you respond determines your future course. It also depends on all the choices you make before you reach your goal. That which makes the choice is the personality in life and nature. In the soul, the psychic makes the choice. The psychic is the soul in nature.

Ø       Making a choice helps to build personality. Any process that requires centuries in life requires only a split second in Spirit.  What you spiritually and consciously choose will give you that split second growth. If you are spiritually unconscious, you know at which level you are unconscious.

Ø       How to become conscious when you are unconscious?  1. Know where you are. 2. Move in that plane to the positive side. 3. Acquire perfect skill and make it into a talent.

Ø       Don’t be attached to your talents. Aspire to go to the next higher level.

Ø       Exhaust your energies at this level to go to the next higher level.

o        Organisation exhausts each level and saturates that.

o        When energy is organised into skill, energy is exhausted.

o        The exhaustion becomes perfect when skill rises to perfect level of talents.

o        The perfection helps growth when the attachment and interest which made perfection possible becomes disinterested detachment.

o        When the disinterested detachment acquires energy of movement, it is aspiration.

o        Aspiration in this sense makes progress possible.

 

Ø       Progress that is not continuous is no progress.  When you stop progressing, you start dying. Constant aspiration for continuous growth is the path of human life changing into Divine Life.

Ø       Skill is at three levels – physical, vital, mental.

Ø       Capacity is the essence of all skills you have learned.

Ø       Talent is interest organised to perfection. All the capacity concentrated on one skill raises that skill to a pinnacle of talent.

 

3.       Inspiration comes from the subconscious. The surface stores the information.

4.      Mother tongue belongs to the subconscious. No foreign language ever reaches the subconscious inspiration.

 

Ø       Only in moments of danger, where life is touched as a whole, does the subconscious open.  Any foreign language belongs to the surface. No man has produced an original work in  a foreign tongue, especially high poetry.

Ø       If any country should become great, it cannot become great by imitation. It should organise itself by its own culture, and conveniences they can take from any culture.

Ø       Today, education is to make the children fit in to the society. It is social, not psychological. The world, at least in the West, is tired of making children ‘fit in’ and wants them to discover themselves. That is what I want our schools to give. Every boy has a natural talent. We must have an eye for that.

Ø       Give him the entire freedom, so that once in a blue moon his talent will come out. Eventually, every student will become an outstanding student in some talented area. If you have the penetration to see each child’s potential, you can make all children geniuses.

Ø       That is not personality. Personality needs values. Something higher than values, are the laws of life or truisms of life. They are the original ideas on which humanity is developed. My aim is to give the children all these 20 truisms.

1.        Caution.

2.        God is the origin.

3.        Fundamentals cannot be ignored.

4.        Limits must be honoured.

5.        Life is sustained by the presence of great souls.

6.        Subtle knowledge is the only knowledge.

7.        Growth of GOOD needs freedom.

8.        Romance is the savour of life.

9.        Selfishness is callous.

10.     The greater is devotion, the greater is doubt.

11.     Man is mean.

12.     Love is divine; human love is selfish.

13.     Life is amoral. War is amoral.

14.     Society is an integrated live organism.

15.     Man’s inner life is creative. The outer is only an expression of substance in Space and Time.

16.     Between Man and God, there are three inversions.

17.     Taste of Ignorance changing into taste of Jnanam is evolutionary transformation.

18.     The creation is for the Delight of Brahman rediscovering Himself.

19.     Perfect Perfection is the only Perfection.

20.     Divine life is letting the Spirit live in life.

 

5.       Any field progresses by measurement, construction of scales, and devising of tools necessary for measurement.

 

 

We measure time, distance, health, fix prices for products and every conceivable field and every possible aspect of fields are measured. Tools are devised for such measurements. This is the major cause of progress over the last 200 years. Psychological aspects like values, attitude, strength, understanding, judgement today are not measured. There are no scales and no instruments. For the progress of education to develop, skills for every psychological trait, scale and measuring devices must be discovered. The aptitude test is alright. The IQ test is completely unreliable and unrelated to the intelligence of the person. This is because we don’t know life as a whole, we don’t know the full man. We understand these things by the result, which is too late. Even that understanding is not based on any rational conception. In recent history, we know biographies of many leaders. Can we evaluate their work for humanity? If such a scale were there, it would help us. Measurement of individual traits and tools necessary for them are sorely lacking. Suppose all those things existed, there would be considerable progress in isolated areas, i.e. the tallness of the man does not indicate his intelligence. The pretty face never reveals the temperament behind. It is often the case that children surprise their parents at crucial moments. More importantly, it happens to ourselves. Our reactions, our responses surprise us. Apart from construction of scales and the tools of measurement of our psychological existence, it is necessary to know the origin (Self) which means self-awareness. Only he who is aware of his own self would be able to measure the value of the other person, the value of an act and the significance of an event. This means one needs to know the whole of existence outside, which can be known only inside.

 

We know the value of product rating which enables us to choose the product and get the maximum possible credit. Money is a measurement of man’s efficiency, worth, performance, accomplishment, and can largely help assess his future accomplishment. Suppose money is now withdrawn. Or, before the period when money was discovered, what would be the difference in the efficiency with this society?  It may not be necessary for us to list all the existing measurements and their tools. Imagine for a moment that all these things are not there, or a period before all these things were invented. How primitive we were at that time. In the field of education, we are in a comparable situation. Every human activity, skill, capacity, talent, ability, movement, their speed, their correspondence, the local and the wider results they cause, must be measured by an individual scale, and tools devised. They can be physical tools or subtle psychological tools. It will give birth to the science of Life.

 

Physical experimental science has taken a few hundred years to devise the existing tools and measurement. So we may think that devising of these scales and tools will take centuries. Looked at from that point of view, that may be right. But such a subtle science has existed all over the world when the society was non-physical. Hence, there are clairvoyants, astrologers, In India the science of physiognomy, sculpture, painting, astrology, has been developed to perfection. Their precision is astonishing. Now that we have a past where these shastras have been fully developed and lived for centuries, we have an advantage to create all such scales and all such tools. The scales or tools may not always be physical, they may be subtle or subtle physical. This I prefer to call the Science of Life. Sri Aurobindo has added one more dimension to this field.  These sciences as developed in India can know what is there. The force He has added to these fields, is the Force that can change what is, which means it will be a science of self-conception and can create by self-limitation and self-absorption which will be applying the process of creation of the cosmos in life.

 

Education will really progress when the society is supplied with such tools and scales and is permeated through and through by a scientific quest of human nature. But in the absence of such scales and tools, we can today in our school have some glimpses of these aspects and use them to advantage. (The instance of Vineet) In this case we know according to the social vision of the school the boy is unintelligent but he reveals an extraordinary talent which other children do not have. Suppose we have such measurements, we will know his real worth. In that case, the school can help the boy to become outstanding. Therefore, scales for the measurement of personality as a whole, and the society as a whole are necessarily to be created.  Assuming that such things are there in our country today, it is possible to discover one extraordinary hidden talent of each child who are now considered dull. What the school needs is a spiritual vision, not a social view. Suppose there were such scales today, we will find no child is dull and many children are capable of far greater performance. Their numbers will be in thousands and millions. Over night India can raise her productivity by such scales to a level which the world does not know.

 

6.              It requires a genius to know the working of the idiot's mind. You can become a genius if you can see how a stupid man thinks.

 

What we call human progress and science today is the result of mind trying to know matter. The matter is the idiot. It has its own method. It can’t talk to you. You cannot make it respond. But when thousands of scientists apply their minds to different aspects of matter over a hundred years, what emerges is our knowledge  of metals, minerals, inert matter, their structure, their qualities and properties all of which has resulted in the discovery of the atomic fission, modern computer, CDs and video cassettes. Suppose we have the same patience with people whom we presently think to be idiots, and follow where he begins in his thought, how he approaches events, why he does so, what his reasoning is, we will discover the behaviour of the physical substance of the brain. It requires a genius to know an idiot’s mind. That is the minimum result. The maximum result is every idiot will be discovered as a genius in his line of existence, because the Spirit in all is equal. Their ways are different. On a minor scale, suppose we assume that every child is equally brilliant in some line of mental activity, and try to discover that, the first result will be the teacher will develop Himalayan patience. And it will raise his intelligence to the level of its acme which will together lead to a greater self-awareness that will make him see himself. He will be a self-realised soul. He will not be in time, nor will he be in timelessness, but he will be moving to the subliminal plane of simultaneous integrality of time eternity and timeless eternity. Man thus becomes universal. His mind becomes universal. It will help him to make his senses universal. Theoretically, he can make his body universal. Inside the classroom, there will be the quiet of the silence or the peace of the Silence behind silence. Children will be learning not from the teacher or from the subject but from the store of universal knowledge which is in the subliminal mind where the superconscient light is constantly transforming the subconscient darkness.  It is so because the subliminal plane is the point at which the superconscient meets the subconscient. Presently man is in the surface mind which is separated from the subliminal by the inner mind. The surface mind is in time, the inner mind is in Timelessness. The subliminal is in the simultaneous integrality of time eternity and timeless eternity. As everywhere, here too there are two choices. One who is in the subliminal can choose to incline either towards the Light or the darkness. When he inclines towards the darkness, he becomes a clairvoyant, astrologer, etc. When he inclines towards the superconscient, he becomes a rishi of universal dimension. But only when he does not make a choice to incline either way and integrates both sides in his personality, God and Nature meet in man. That is the point from which he can ascend to the cosmic heights and integrate himself with the higher superconscient light which is buried in the subconscient darkness.

 

7.          The other man's point of view expands the finite into the Infinite.

 

When you see your own point of view, you become more efficient in preserving yourself which means you acquire selfish efficiency. Man is not created as a lone individual. One of his major instincts is gregariousness. It is the One that has become the Many for the purposes of the play between consciousness and consciousness. The Play comes into existence only when you relate to other people. You can relate to other people, as everywhere, from your point of view or his. When you relate from your point of view you become exclusive, rigid, aggressive, violent. Terrorism is the result. When you relate to the other man from his point of view, you know much more of what he is and what he is to you. It is a point where contradictions resolve into complements. The energy spent in conflicts, fights, disharmony, destruction will be converted into harmonious construction of mutual enjoyment of collective growth. In the Western world of trade, this truth has been discovered. They go out of their way to satisfy the customer. The customer is treated as a friend, not as a rival or enemy. This has contributed to the exponential expansion of their business. Democracy is born and thrives when man in the collective tries to discover the other man’s point of view. That is the reason why democracies do not go to war with each other. Physically, knowing the other man’s point of view dispenses with fights, duels, and wars.

 

Suppose the teacher tries to know the point of view of the child, and the point of view of every other teacher, the school, the family, the society, the point of time in which he exists, the point of space in which he lives, how much his vision will be expanded.  By that time, he will no longer live in the mind.  He will be rising vertically in the ranges of the spiritual mind (higher mind, Illumined mind, Intuitive mind, Overmind) leading to the Supermind. That is the path of becoming God by which the Supramental being will be born. If that is the peak, I am insistently trying to be on the same scale at the bottom at point No. 1. Suppose a teacher does it, she will be human, will not speak from her nerves, will not be rough or crude or violent. It would be impossible for her not to understand any child from his point of view. She will incidentally discover her capacity to teach the child is infinitesimal compared with his original capacity to learn by himself. When the teacher brings the child to that point and in the measure she brings him to that point, she must recede in the background, withdraw her imposition, and leave him to himself.  Then, with that freedom, the child is capable of organising his negative personality to become a scoundrel or thief or inert matter.  The teacher, by rising above the positive and negative (Sat and Asat) positions herself in the Absolute Brahman so that the weight of her personality will prevent the child from choosing the Asat and compel him to choose the light. This being the process of creation, its version in the classroom is, endless strength of infinite patience.

 

 

8.      The distinction between facts, data, information, ideas, knowledge, thinking, conception, hearing, listening, sensing, and understanding is essential for an educationist. To devise a scale and a method to measure each in different fields is essential for educational progress in any country.

 

Impression is far from reality. By impressions I don’t mean rumours. When the facts about historical impressions which are universally accepted and admired come out, they look very different, sometimes opposite. One can see the fullness of the truth of this statement in one’s own family or life. Often we think we are strong in a certain subject or faculty.  If you ask your friends, they may say that it is your weakness, your defect. By analysing your immediate past, their statements will be confirmed. When a man who thinks he is in very good health and who can rate himself 100% in his health, is subjected to a medical examination, his health will be rated 65%, or 45%. Because when one aspect of the personality is overflowing, it gives a general impression that one is strong in all aspects. Imagine a class where there is no examination or scores. How many of the students, will think themselves to be top students or above average. It is the mark sheet that reveals the truth, because the mark sheet is the measure of evaluation. In hundreds of things, measurements have been introduced. In millions of fields they remain to be introduced. For our purposes, there is no measure to evaluate the capacity of a student academically, socially, and psychologically. Very partial work has been done in many of these fields without any basic understanding. Even when the results speak to the contrary, impressions prevail. It is a vast subject, but the basis is to approach the student as a whole, to consider him as a whole part of the whole of the family. And further, to consider the family as a miniature whole of the whole society. This view is not there in the world today at all.

 

The world has developed its capacity for constructing scales and if that capacity is fully used and every scale of physical, vital, and mental faculties is developed, i.e. physically the ability to hear, see, speak, and sense, vitally to communicate, pleasantly relate, to organise a few people, mentally to understand the physical environment, the social environment, an academic argument, to concede, they will be found to be very valuable tools in the hands of the teacher right from a young age. Assuming that such scales are available, which are not arguable, the performance of any student can be quadrupled when we devise methods to correct the defects, improve upon the potentials, and intelligently use the measurements, to which we will come later.

 

The capacity to define in a graded fashion data, facts, information, ideas, knowledge, thought, conception, requires a definition of each of these things. The difficulty here is, the physical facts are different from vital, mental facts. To draw such distinctions under each category above listed requires a lot of work on the part of the teacher and further, the faculties in the mind that discriminate between datum and a fact and information are not now existing in any conscious form among people. It requires the study of the basic faculties such as observation, sensation, perception, processing data into information, constructing the idea from the facts and information, drawing the essence of knowledge from the ideas, knowing the process of thinking, developing the faculties of conception. It is a wide territory by itself. Even the primary capacities like hearing, listening, sensing, understanding, accepting, deciding, determining, committing, require a keen focussed training in thought. These are all wide psychological subjects. Our research can be confined to the narrow field of education. The one advantage is, we have all these capacities in an unformed, unorganised, unconscious possession. All that we have to do is, form the faculties out of the unformed material, become conscious of the unconscious, organise the unorganised. In forming a capacity out of an unformed potential, we have to make a distinction between forming and formulation. Formation is wider, formulation is narrow. 

 

The term ‘organisation’ is a very common term. It is least understood and has never been defined. When we start from an act and go to activities, we systematise them. Systems are brought together under an organisation, which further matures into institution, culture and collective and individual sensitivities. In any accomplishment, positive or negative, the determinant is the sensitivity. All of them exist in four levels (physical to spiritual). It is necessary for us to know each process under each head, which is the process of psychological conditioning. Only that will help us to decondition. What we call in society maturity is structured conditioning.  What we call human wisdom is the readiness to shed an old structure and acquire a new structure for the occasion. All these processes are automatically happening all the time in the mind, at lightening speed. When we are functioning in time (the successive process of time) our learning or unlearning should take an enormous time. When we are in the Timeless, their speed is enormous. When we are in the simultaneous time, we shall be able to create as God intends to reveal Himself in humanity.

 

9. Teaching is not learning. Education is not teaching. All of them are different from experience.

 

Teaching is a communication which carries mental authority. In that measure, it is a conditioning. When the authority is removed, it becomes learning.  When the authority is removed, the child will not learn anything at all if his interest is not held. By interest we mean, the child’s interest in the teacher. Mostly that is the only interest in the school. What is a more meaningful interest is the interest in the subject.  Interest has higher grades. Interest for interest’s sake in the mind is curiosity. In the vital it is dynamism. In the physical, it is to be energetic. At whatever level there is interest, the boy begins to think, act, accomplish. That is what is called levelling off.

 

Further, there is the interest in the school created by the atmosphere of the school. It is partly social. Psychologically, one can be interested in himself. It could be selfish or unselfish interest. Selfish interest would be mercenary, unmannerly, crude, boorish. Unselfish interest will be generous, pleasant, expansive, outgoing, benevolent. None of these things is in the hands of the child, teacher or parent. From this point of view of enquiry, the child, the teacher, parent and society are totally unconscious. The capacity to create this interest and accomplish through that depends upon what one is really interested in. It is this truth that the Gita speaks as one can achieve whatever one wants. 

 

For a teacher to be prepared for this purpose, he has to be a student who finished his education in our school. Till then we have to have compromises at all levels.

 

Teaching becomes real only when the teacher is constantly learning how to teach.  The very best teaching is not to teach. We know learning is better than teaching. Even in the best conditions, learning becomes a self-conditioning. One learns at the level in which he is. For the higher development of the mind, unlearning is more important that learning. Those who talk of living every moment, imply the capacity not to learn from outside. What you learn from inside depends on what you are inside. In other words, learning from outside is social conditioning.  Learning from inside is psychological conditioning. As we speak of an open mind, the capacity not to learn from outside or inside may be called the open soul, better still, the open, evolving soul. Even that is conditioned by your swabhava, nature, because it is expressing the force in the form, swarupa. When the swabhava refuses to express the swarupa, swarupa dissolves making you naked before God. That is the basis of the beginning of becoming the Supreme. Once the individual swabhava is shed, one has to shed the universal nature. The only method available for that is surrendering one’s nature to the Divine Nature.

 

When we come down from these philosophical heights standing before a class as a teacher with this philosophical information behind, all this summarises into good human manners, native cheerfulness that is infectious and a patience that is pleasant.

 

10. When we change the plane from the physical to the vital to the mental to the spiritual, the same thing acquires a different hue.

 

Without going into all possible details, we can illustrate physical skill is the capacity to do something, whereas mental skill is the capacity to understand something.  Act in the physical is movement. Act in the vital is releasing energy. Act in the mental is thinking, whereas, act in the Spirit is non-movement, non-thinking. When you go to the further step of the evolving soul, act is to self-represent with mind as the basis for the delight of existence.

 

11. The child prefers learning to eating and playing.

 

The child or man prefers the greatest area of interest to even areas of necessity. Learning being a mental process, it releases greater interest than playing, which is physical, eating which is vital. The truth behind this statement is if man is interested in anything, he will overlook every other thing and achieve it. That is what The Gita says. That is also the basis of the yoga of self-perfection.

 

 

12. Bodily movements directly determine mental functions. It is equally true that all educational endowments are determined by physical movements, vital sensations, mental understanding and spiritual peace.

 

Glenn Doman has experimented in the correlation between crawling and understanding.  To exhaust that line of enquiry, about a few hundred experiments need to be done, maybe a few thousand. But if someone develops subtle perceptions of human activities or human existence, especially of one’s own child, better still one’s own inner self, one can develop all the essential knowledge required which would be acquired by a few hundred thousand experiments in a few years. To know is different from practice. In these matters, knowledge itself is power. The very first result will be the shedding of superstitions of all descriptions in massive volumes. That is a tremendous step in psychological education. To convert that knowledge into conducive behaviours requires comprehensive human wisdom.  To communicate it to a child requires consummate patience. To reduce it to a system requires social wisdom of a person higher than a genius.

  That these things are present is indicated by the absence of outer or inner tension, energies falling quiet, urges dissolving.

 

 

13. Mind understands more quickly and completely when it does not think. As thinking is superior to memorisation, understanding without thinking is superior to thinking.

 

A singer or an athlete are in their best form when they don’t plan, which means, when they don’t think, they perform better. Thinking is a process in which mind consciously coordinates facts. When a certain coordination does not work out, meaning, does not bring out the right result, it tries other coordinations. This is the basis of empiricism. Practically, this is a very long process not sure of success for a long time. Occasionally by chance, one hits upon the right answer. When a man learns not to think, sufficiently and strongly, and sleeps over that silence for a considerable time, the answer appears in his mind. That is how Einstein got his formula. The phenomenon of genius understands the world not by external observation but by refusing to observe the externals. Had Charles Darwin who spent forty years collecting data, systematising, classifying, resorted to non-thinking, he would have got the same results or better results in a few years. And the phenomenon that he is unable to explain now (the gap between two species) would have also revealed to him. In our own experience, our best ideas come when we are least thinking about them.

 

Ordinarily in the process of teaching, this comes out of experience and maturity at the end of one’s career. It is not easy for the teacher to acquire this faculty. But it is easier to communicate it to the student. That is one of the reasons for my saying that at the age of 15 or 20, the child can have the experience, maturity, wisdom of a man of 60 or 80. In other words, a school run on these ideal conditions can create products who will become world leaders in their fields.

Silence understands better than thinking.

Silence communicates better than speaking.

Silence accomplishes better than doing.

Theoretically, there is a silence behind silence.

 

 

14. There is no human endowment that cannot be trained. The higher the endowment, the greater the freedom necessary for the training. Lower endowments can be trained by others. Higher endowments must be acquired by self-training.

 

Discipline imposed from above teaches you not discipline, but obedience. The obedience may continue as a behaviour. When the circumstances of obedience are removed, it may turn into disobedience if it was unwillingly accepted.  Any discipline is worth the name only when it is self-discipline. By self-discipline we mean we accept what we understand.  To elaborate that, the body accepts what the mind understands. It is generally an imposition. The mind never tries to educate the body. It tyrannises over it. When the spirit in the body emerges, it cannot be tyrannised because it is the flowering of the higher in the lower. So the best discipline we can conceive of is the self-discipline of the psychic. When you resist self-discipline, it exhibits an enjoyment of what is, which is the dark crude rigidity of the nerves in the body. Education, in the best sense, must offer all social, psychological circumstances for the child to acquire self-discipline. It is for this reason that it is necessary for the individual to become a spiritually awakened individual. Man matures by self-discipline. The soul evolves by refusing to be disciplined. The only discipline the Spirit accepts is total freedom.

 

There is a widespread conception that in matters of luck, genius, and intelligence, one has to be born with them. Mother says if one is willing to be in touch with his psychic, these things can be developed. She cites the example of a village girl becoming an opera singer. In the last hundred years, this impression has been largely negatived. The theory of transformation proclaims that the lower the member is by transformation, the higher he grows.

 

Training and education are synonymous. The word training is more used in the physical plane. Education is used in the mental plane.  Sri Aurobindo says the present civilisation itself is a revival of a past civilisation destroyed. Therefore, all the faculties we need to develop hereafter are there in the subconscious memory of the earth. So, training is only a process of bringing to the surface what is there in the subconscious.

 

There is a difference between education and training. In education, we give the idea to the mind. Mind on its own internalises the idea. Then we say mind is educated. In the training, we compel a man to repeat a thing until it settles down as a fixed habit. Training is the education of the body; education is the training of the mind.

 

 

15. In the path of progress, at every step there are several bypaths. Once you enter the bypath, you level off.

 

Progress is defined as health in the physical, energy in the vital, understanding in the mind, silence in the Spirit.  When the embodied being is considered, progress is graded as social accomplishment, psychological achievement, spiritual attainment and spiritual evolution. A parent takes care of the child’s health. Suppose the parent does not take care of the child’s health, one can imagine what the child would eat and what its health would be. Imagine a child completely left to itself with respect to eating, hygiene, and sanitary conditions, and a child taken care of by the parent. The first child may not survive for a long time, or if it survives, it will survive like half an animal.  Our field of enquiry is education. Progress in education is understanding and mental accomplishment. If you take two people of comparable mental abilities, or two hundred people of comparable mental abilities, and see their progress over a period of fifty years, you see one rising in the scale of human values and others at all grades, the last man being an efficient daily worker. What really happened is endowment being real, employment of the endowment is exercised by human choice. This is an obvious fact. That is what is meant by this statement. That which chooses is the temperament, psychological, social environment. Family, school and society can make a man who could have ended up as a loafer into a nationally known citizen. The choice is a combination of the circumstances, family guidance, personal preference, religious beliefs and any other thing that may intrude. So in specialised educational training which our school attempts, or which is attempted in Nirupama, the entire character of the progress described here remains.

 

In any field of education, however sophisticated it is, there is a range of a thousand levels. When we achieve more than others, we have a way of being satisfied because we don’t know what is the maximum possibility. The maximum possibility is not known by the mind. The maximum possibility is presented to you when the mind falls silent and withdraws. Even when that happens, the tendency of insisting on what we know consciously or subconsciously is irresistible. That requires a knowledge and power of deconditioning. One gets conditioned and one conditions himself. The capacity for deconditioning is not in the plane of time or mind or ego. Time is a plane of conditioning. Mind is an instrument of conditioning. Ego gives the direction to conditioning. All of this keeps the man finite on the surface mind. The capacity not to exercise the mind, the capacity to concentrate fully in the present, and the capacity to be totally unegoistic takes one out of the field of conditioning. All this is summarised as an attitude of the being which is called humility. Humility is described as the self-awareness of the smallness of the being before the immense universe. That gives birth to a capacity to understand our total incapacity.  Sri Aurobindo calls it surrender.  Surrender takes us to the subliminal mind, universalises us, gives us the benefit of the superconscient working on the subconscient, and allows us to reach the psychic being which is unassertive.

 

 Obviously, according to this definition of progress, there are innumerable bypaths, such as circumstance, opinion, guidance, preference, belief. They decide the maximum to which a man can rise. Once you enter into any of these paths, like a habit, you cannot come out of it. That we see in food, dress, language, behaviour and in every other thing.  A complete theoretical knowledge of this situation is demanded of the teacher for him to be effective. He combines in himself the parent, the teacher, the mentor, the leader and the entire social circumstance. That’s why we say only a student who passed out of the school, which is really a community can be a meaningful teacher in our school.

 

16. Accomplishment is social, psychological, personal, spiritual.

 

By accomplishment we mean achieving the results that we aim at. A successful, happy, affluent home is a social accomplishment. A healthy, cheerful, carefree man of excellent character is a psychological accomplishment. If a man has a personal preference like games or art, accomplishment is in that field. Spiritually, accomplishment is to reach heaven.  Sri Aurobindo has given a further dimension to that goal which is God’s taking birth in our life and body, called the Advent of the Supramental Being. In the society we see a million types of accomplishment. Most of them are reached by an unconscious interest and preference. For some of them or many of them, there is a partial training available. There is no accomplishment for which complete training has been devised.  Even the age-old habit of child rearing still remains in these modern days in the unconscious realm. No parent can know the child unless he knows himself. At the bottom of accomplishment lies self-awareness.

 

In a school like ours, maybe for the first time in the world, we can devise a training programme by which the child will consciously acquire all that is necessary to accomplish what he chooses. For instance, the method of reading that we employ is superior to the other methods. But we don’t know everything about reading. We have not been taught that. We have not studied it. We take something that appears to be modern or latest in the field and follow it. To study the process of reading, one needs to observe what goes on in the mind when one reads, how the senses contribute. That is not what we are aware of or do. The world is not aware of the fact that such a study exists. It means, to know an outer thing first inside and then practise it in the outer. It is for these reasons above I call education the yoga of the society.

 

The process of reading is the same process for any act. And we don’t know that process. The world does not know that such a process exists. The world concentrates on the physical process which has given us tremendous progress. The defect of the physical process is it travels in the opposite direction. Even when the physical process is in the right direction, there are a dozen levels above it. It is possible for us to attempt the highest possible level. Today the very best school in the world fits the description of the blind leading the blind.

 

To subdivide the four accomplishments into four areas and explain each fully requires the length of a full book.  So what is the very best thing we can do? The highest knowledge we have we must be aware of is no knowledge. The real knowledge comes from the evolving Spirit. To aspire for the evolving Spirit and to evoke it in the child in whatever crude manner we can do, is the best we can do. The knowledge of our ignorance is our greatest instrument. To know that I am ignorant is the greatest wisdom I can have.

 

17. The higher endowments express in the lower planes, thus raising the performance of the lower planes.

 

The endowments of the lower and higher planes are the same, expressing themselves as they are circumscribed.  Force in the body tempts the possessor to beat the weak. The force in the mind similarly tempts the intelligence of the mind to teach the dull. Suppose instead of that, the intelligence which is the force of the mind informs the force in the physical, namely the strength, the result will be the strong man would like to help the weak man. In other words, destruction is transformed into construction. 

 

The higher the man grows, the more he discovers how low he is. To be aware of the higher endowments and make them express themselves in raising the lower endowments is the maximum one can do in the given circumstances. It can be called self-discipline. Socially, this process can raise a day labourer into a substantial size of entrepreneur. Vitally, a coward can become a courageous person. Mentally, a dull man can become an intelligent man. The greater the dullness, the greater is the possibility of his raising himself above intelligence. It has no end. Self-aware intelligence is a bar to rising above the mind. Any endowment that is aware of itself is a bar to progress.

 

34.  Growth is ascent. Development is descent.

 

Man’s starts with the physical. When the physical is saturated with learning, he moves to the vital and then to the mental and spiritual. This growth is called the ascent. The vital, when developed, gives its benefit to the physical. It is the first level of descent. The mental, when it is developed gives its knowledge to the vital and through the vital to the physical. That is the descent. These descents can be partial because the mind does not know the entire structure and constitution of the body it is dominating.  The mind does not try to understand the whole of the body. It relates to the understanding part of the body and through that compels the body to obey which becomes domination. Mother says it has resulted in a tyranny over the millennia. Mother also says that the body is so docile and unprotesting that it only expects to be maltreated by the mind. When the development rises to the spirit, it rises in two different ways. One is, the tyranny becomes greater. The other is, the tyranny becomes an understanding. When the Spirit is at its own level and deals with the body or other members, it imposes itself with violence. But when the Spirit by its purity tries to release the Spirit in the other members, there is no tyranny or violence. There is only blossoming of every member. That doesn’t happen at the spiritual plane because the highest level of the spiritual plane, the Overmind, still has ignorance and ego and it is a partial plane. Only when one rises to the Supramental plane, the ignorance disappears, ego dissolves, the human plane becomes universal, intuition from outside is shifted inside, oneness is realised, in the sense all is in each and each is in all. All is in God and God is in all. Only in that condition this descent can take place. Till then, descents are partially useful, powerful, but will always contain an element of tyranny and violence. That is the basis of all superstition and fanaticism.

 

 

19. Body has mind and intelligence. It first emerges as physical intelligence and subsequently as vital, mental and spiritual intelligences. In this rise, accomplishment is limited by the physical environment, physical effort, vital attitudes, mental opinions, and the motive of the being.

 

20. In the society, all this is going on unconsciously and in an unorganised fashion.

 

 

21. Great souls have the capacity for self-organisation that is conscious.

A great soul is one who is not dominated by the lower members of his being. Organisation means to make the person function automatically at the highest level of his existence. Smaller men are compelled to organise themselves, by the external circumstances of the society. Higher members do so without that external compulsion or suggestion.  That is self-organisation.  It can be done only when one is conscious. By conscious, I mean his evolutionary structure, and his evolutionary destiny.  Only he who is so conscious can organise himself on his own. That is what we have to create in a child. Presently the child imitates the parents or the teacher. That is a biological response. Between the biological response and the spiritual response, there are several intervening layers. He who can give the spiritual response can do it.

 

 

22. That self-organisation can also be unconscious.

 

That is a basic rule. Anything small or great can be done either consciously or unconsciously. It is necessary for one to understand the difference between consciousness and unconsciousness. Sri Aurobindo prefers to call it subconscious, not unconscious. The examples of education and trade, transport can easily explain to us that they are consciously organised by the society. Imagine that these aspects are there in the society without being organised which means, we won’t know when a bus will come and where it goes.  We won’t know when there is school or what subject it will teach.  In an unconscious atmosphere of trade, no one knows when a certain product will be available in the market or whether it will be available continuously. That takes us about a few hundred years back. That is the difference between an organised field and an unorganised field. The same distance exists between conscious organisation and unconscious organisation.

 

Man learns in the society whether he goes to school or not. He is continuously learning every minute. His learning is organised according to his personality. Compare him to a person who goes to school, where he is educated according to a conscious organisation. Insight, intuition, inspiration, revelation, judgement, discrimination, common sense, capacity to accomplish, gifts of different talents are today unconsciously organised in the society. Someone interested in music will always have his mind on music. He will snatch every tune. He will not miss anything anybody hums and it will be organised around his original talent, but it is an unconscious organisation. Put him under a music teacher, and the organisation will become conscious. The awakening of the spirit is today organising itself, but man is not conscious of it. To make that organisation conscious is yoga. Education being the yoga of the society, education can be organised like that.  When education is organised like that, the least product of that system will be equal to the best product of the present system. These are all wide concepts that escape our conception. There is a great reality behind it. That reality is capable of producing the results before you learn it or know of it. Our aim in the school should be to make as many children as possible see one great result of that dimension. It is for him to pursue that line of development.

 

Imagine a very wealthy man who has not heard of the phone, who cannot believe that we can talk to the next house on the phone. The fact is, you can talk to the other side of the world. It will be very difficult for you to explain to him the entire working of the system. It is possible for you to make him talk to someone at a great distance. Once he has seen that reality, it is for him to go back to his place and make the arrangements to install a phone in his house. 

 

Spiritual attainments range from moksha to clairvoyance. Even in moksha there are three stages. In the first, you taste the Brahman. At the second level, when the Brahman is tasted or realised, it is not easy to come back except for the master soul. At the third level, the individual soul dissolves in the universal Soul. There is no question of coming back. Telepathy, clairvoyance, astrology occupy the last rung of spirituality. In between lie the muni, the Rishi, the God.  There are infinite varieties in those realisations, as there are innumerable subjects of study now.

 

Today any student is capable of choosing a field of study and doing research there. In the range of spiritual attainments where mind occupies the lowest position, we know of gifted children, the prodigy, the precocious and those who excel them. Any of these fields or talents can be chosen and a student trained to attain them. That training is in the subtle, occult plane, not in the physical, material, mental plane.  The basic condition is, the individual should aspire for it. The intensity of the aspiration must match the height of the accomplishment. Therefore, in the field of education, starting from the present level of school education and going beyond the genius in one field (what we know of genius is genius in one field) any particular talent can be selected and trained up to a point where self-training overtakes the child. The word training is quite jarring. It’s a physical word. Even for want of a right word, it is not pardonable to use that word. Practical, concrete, material, training, exercise are, for this higher field, out of bounds. It is better never to use these words. If a person asks, ‘What do I do practically?’ he can go about doing anything practically, but he is not meant for this field. Practicality is for the man who thinks with his body. Education does not lie in the physical plane.  Even the word organisation is used because there is no other word we can use.  Maybe a formation can be used without offending the result. Formulation is not permissible.

 

23. Social evolution has several dimensions, all of which are parts of existence.

 

Society is part of humanity which is part of earthly life.  Life is a wider field which comprises all these things. By social evolution, we mean society going forward in its organisation. One important aspect of it is the good integrating with evil. No work is accomplished when evil is entirely eradicated or kept apart. All accomplishments are results arrived at by a mixture of good and bad where the good predominates. Simple-minded moral attitudes frown upon the evil, error, wrong, mistakes, defects, etc.  Suppose we take a boy at the age of twenty or a man at sixty, whom the world considers to have accomplished something. They have accomplished, not because they have given up evil, but because they were able to overcome evil by their good. Even at the level of Overmind, there is ignorance, but the gods are able to function without being disturbed by ignorance, which means the power of the knowledge overcomes the power of ignorance.

 

Outside evil, there are hundreds of partial evils and hundreds of other partial goods. If someone sets out to make a list of all social activities, they may run into thousands. We choose one of them and develop a career out of it. Society is progressing in hundreds of thousands of fields. This does not mean that that is the type of development. Society is developing as a whole which we are unable to see. All these million strands of development are particular parts of it. To know that our best achievement is an infinitesimal part of social development qualifies us to develop socially. When we say that development is a process and not a programme, we mean, there is a process by which these different strands interact to produce a basis of oneness or unity. From the part in which we are working, we must be able to see what is behind us and of what we are a part. That gives an inkling of social development.

 

Considering education like that, which is the mental part of social development, will help a man to become an educationist.

 

24. They are necessities for physical survival, energy for vital activity, thought for mental understanding.

 

Man who lived in the forest for physical survival began to live in a house. For us this is a simple fact. For the man who has done that, it is an enormous leap. We teach children to read and write. How laborious a task it is. Imagine the first man who invented writing and how he learned it. It was an enormous task. It must have taken ages. The British government left an administration behind in India. After all, we have to run it. We are running it inefficiently and corruptly. Why? Even the task of maintenance is an evolutionary task. Presently we witness installing TVs, etc. in our homes. We are not inventing them. We only use them. Take any new physical activity we learn and observe the process of understanding that goes into it. There are ladies who have created a new dish, teachers like Glenn Doman who discovered a new method of teaching, people like Darwin who stumbled on survival of the fittest, etc., Marx who called upon workers to lose their chains, Gandhi who invented satyagraha. From the smallest act to the greatest act, from devising a ladder to flying in an airplane, when you read what passed through their minds wherever the written material is available, the physical pressure of survival on the mental process of thinking will be laid bare. Mind should observe all this. A man aiming a stone at a mango does not notice that when his hand aims at the fruit, the whole body takes a supporting poise, the heart beats differently, the breathing changes, the eye begins to focus and every act of the body undergoes a similar appropriate change. What about a man chased by an animal? If gearing oneself to act is a feat, coming back to equilibrium is another feat. Can we imagine how we are excited, threatened? Is it possible for us to see how our mind gropes when a difficult problem is posed? Every moment on earthy is a LIVE moment. We are aware of the new ones. We take the rest for granted. A boy working as a salesman for Rs. 1500/- because an MLA. A child at the age of 12 loses both the parents and understands that no one will take care of him. Now he is on the street. Is it possible for us to know the mental process that goes on in their minds? There are such moments in our lives. Do you think you can SEE each movement of the endless chain? Is it possible.

              It is observation.

A teacher must attempt to observe the child similarly. Then arises the question of how to organise the unorganised thoughts, how to become conscious of them. Elizabeth thought she could have been the mistress of Pemberley. It was a desire. She was conscious of the desire. Did she know what inside her and outside her influenced that formation of desire? If so, why did she run away from Pemberley on seeing Darcy? This does not happen only at crucial moments. It happens all the time. To be able to know that is OBSERVATION. The list of the mental faculties is very long. Can we observe judgement or inspiration like that? Can we observe all such movements inside us and outside us? What happens when we do so? Habits, constructions, opinions, ideas and prejudices of the Mind dissolve making mind clean, pure, open. It is open-mindedness. Our minds are now CLOSED.

 

25. The environment compels man to learn the requirements of survival.

 

We know of the forester avoiding dangerous zones. Socially, we are wary of the reactions of friends, particularly of our boss. Mentally, we are not that alert. Only when we are laughed at, are we on our guard. All this is negative. Positive environment invites us materially to use these circumstances. Vital circumstances are an occasion to be pleasant. Mentally, for one who wants to learn, the environment extends endlessly in the horizontal plane and in the vertical plane, even if the scope is as great, progress is equally difficult

 

o        One with SSLC education was burning with a desire to speak English in an environment where no full sentence of English was ever spoken.  Switching the ENTIRE thinking to English would enable him to do so. He picked up that suggestion and in a month became fluent in English. Such progress is a potential plane for further endless, creative progress. Once after a party was over, he spoke of ‘fruit-balance’. I was struck by that simple phrase. It is an analogy to cash balance. No one noticed it. At that moment, I know, if he had recognized his potential and took the same effort as he had taken earlier to speak English, he would have become a wonderful coiner of original phrases.

o        One who has the vision of the third dimension of Time can see, hear, smell, touch, taste such original occasions either from individuals or from the environment. Life is unconsciously creative. Man can become conscious. The conscious MAN realising the unconscious – rather unperceived – creativity of life and gently trying to make it conscious in himself is one who can create higher levels of mind, if those minds are informed, open, devoid of superstition and refuse to allow themselves to be dominated by the thinking of the vital or the body. The peaks are for those who become self-conscious and are capable of self-organisation.

o        Silent contemplation takes one to such heights and opens those possibilities. When a flash like ‘fruit-balance’ emerges, he or someone on his behalf should recognise it is a moment of realisation of Light. It is the moment when gratitude – the thrilling bodily sensation that witnesses the action of God – can connect this fleeting phrase to a stupendous higher opening, an opening where genius will be considered narrow.

o        The external compelling the inside is man.

The inner enjoying its own revelation is a compelling joy is self-discipline.

All these higher endowments are born inside, not outside.

The above statement is about survival.

Beyond survival lie growth, development, and evolution.

We talk here of the physical.

Beyond the physical lie the vital, mental, spiritual, the spiritual ranges and the Supramental.

In each of these planes there is the division of consciousness and substance.

Equally, each of these planes contains all the other planes.

So far, it is general.

When we come to the particular, we reach the atomic existence of the physical infinitesimal.

o        To see, discover, realize the Infinity in the infinitesimal is yoga. The classroom is FULL of such moments of the Marvel.

 

 

 

 

26. Human relationship, or rather relationship, releases vital energies.

 

Energy is released by movement. Movement is created by aspiration. All aspirations on earth are reflections of the aspiration of the Divine for Delight. Human beings are live organisms. They also act as an organisation. Organisations involve systematic activity. Acts need energy. The energy of the acts comes from attitudes. The unit of activity is an act. For the act to come into existence, one needs energy. Whoever initiates the act, energises the act. This act is in all the four planes. Each plane has got those three divisions. Teachers trying to teach in the class creates a human relationship with the class. For the teaching to be most effective, the relationship should be organised. To organise a relationship, you must know all it parts, and all the relations. A teacher who teaches for half an hour in the class, who gives a star performance unconsciously has about five or ten percent of this requirement. To make it conscious means the effectivity of the performance will increase ten or twenty times.  The first requirement of that is the teacher has to know himself, the student, the subject, the class and the context of the subject. To know is to energise mentally. To feel is to energise vitally. To do is to energise physically. Not to do anything, not to feel, not to know is a spiritual act.  It releases all these energies and accomplishes more than all these things put together.

 

Relationship is two ways. Even when one relates to another who is not interested, in some sense it is still a two way movement. The two way movement necessarily releases more energy than one way movement. The more intense the relationship is, greater is the energy released. Creation means one becoming the many for the purpose of the play of being with Being, consciousness with consciousness, ananda with ananda. Maya is there to create the many out of the One retaining the oneness at the level of consciousness and retaining the unity at the level of Being. The One became the many for the sake of the play. To get the maximum possible delight out of the play, the self-conscious being became unself-conscious matter. So the greater intensity in a relationship arises when two people far apart relate. That is the principle behind the statement that one becomes a genius when he tries to understand the working of an idiot.  When the teacher relates to the students with respect to the subject, it is a limited relationship. The energy released and the intensity are at the level of the subject. When the teacher relates to the student as another human being, non-academic issues such as social, psychological issues, enter. Because they are of a different field, it requires a greater plasticity to forge a relationship. That way, the class will be more lively and the result greater. The growth of the student is in proportion to the growth of the teacher, therefore we say, teaching is learning and learning is teaching.

 

27. Curiosity of the mind wherever it exists culminates in understanding.

 

Curiosity is a movement of the mind, a stirring of the mind. It can be in any plane. In whichever plane it is, because it is a movement of the mind, it results in the understanding of that plane. If there is curiosity in the physical, it is in the physical mind and it will understand physically. If the tongue comes into contact with mango it understands mango is sweet. The body begins to act and eats it. Impulse of the mind to understand is curiosity.

 

There is a curiosity in every person. When one’s curiosity touches another, the result is greatest. The art of teaching lies, they say, in awakening the curiosity of the child. We can add that the teacher’s curiosity for the subject, if awakened, can more easily touch the curiosity of the student. Going further, there is something like the curiosity of the subject. Any subject wants to grow through understanding. A teacher in the class trying to awaken the curiosity of the student by his own awakened curiosity works in the field of the curiosity of the subject, the subject will grow by itself in the minds of the students and the teachers. 

 

 

28. Long periods of experience, collective as well as individual, give him the spiritual values that raise every accomplishment of the lower planes. Hence it is important to know the process of ascent as well as descent.

 

Progress, advancement, civilisation, modernisation, urbanisation, welfare, well-being, all denote various phases of the same movement that is human growth. In our theory, it is classified under different heads for different parts of the being, viz.,

1.        Survival, growth, development, evolution.

2.        Skill, capacity, talent, ability.

3.        Physical, vital, mental, spiritual, spiritual range, Supramental.

4.        Matter, Life, Mind, Supermind, Ananda, Chit, Sat, Brahman.

5.        Memorisation, understanding, thinking, Silent contemplation, vision, intuition, knowledge, Supramental intuition, consciousness, Being, Brahman.

6.        Act, activity, system, organisation, institution, culture, sensitivity, consciousness.

7.        Inconscient, subconscient, conscient, superconscient, conscious, Being.

8.        Time, Timelessness, Simultaneous integrality of Time-eternity and Timeless eternity.

9.        Practical, constitutional, psychological, temporal, universal, cosmic and original Ignorance.

10.     Egoistic, subliminal, intuitive knowledge and knowledge by identity.

11.     Inner, outer, inner that includes the outer.

12.     Terrestrial, cosmic, transcendental and synthetic life.

 

The ascent is from the physical to the Supramental. The descent is from the Supramental to the physical. It occurs in various ways.

1.        Man is merely physical.

2.        He becomes vital and the vital expresses through the physical.

3.        Mind develops. It emerges in the vital and later in the physical. The descent begins as imposition, domination, compromise, education and finally the lower member blossoming into the higher member.

4.        Spirit develops and leaves for moksha. Each higher member, when it develops, can remain as it is without trying to descend.

5.        The Spirit splits into four higher levels of the spiritual range.

6.        The Supermind is reached. While all levels till the Supermind do not have a tendency to descend, the Supermind starts descending as soon as it is touched. Self-giving is its strategy of existence. Hence it is so.

7.        In order for Supermind to descend, one has to start with the mind, releasing the mental psychic.

8.        The movement of the mental psychic upwards and downwards is simultaneous.

9.        When the mental psychic rises, at each level it creates the appropriate psychic being. It becomes Ishwara when it reaches the Supermind.

10.     Downward the psychic development continues through the Mind, vital and physical.

11.     At each level, it passes through consciousness and substance of that level.

12.     When the psychic being reaches the physical substance, it becomes the Supramental Being.

 

 

29. Before the birth of the family, man lived like an animal.

Family, the formation of the family, was the beginning of the society. Perhaps it was the first civilizing influence on  man, an impulse to transform selfishness into selflessness.

·         Family is to the society what act is to the organization.

·         Family is the first organized unit of the society.

·         In fact, its incipient stages started with the animal parent taking care of its off-spring for a time.

·         In the field of education, the birth of the school is analogous to the birth of the act for the organization or the family for the society.

·         The most important thing in the school is not education, but social relationship. It is well known that children that drop out of school miss social skills.

·         To some extent such children go back to the habits of animals and develop an intense love for the animals.

·         It is common knowledge that parents expect schools to teach children good manners, perhaps more than academic education.

·         To appreciate the role of a school the teacher should have the knowledge and understand the significance of how the family was originally created.

·         The birth of the school was a landmark in social evolution.

·         The school, by its existence, makes the very best knowledge of the society accessible to the least member.

·         For the school to be effective, the highest knowledge must be stated in the simplest form.

·         It has been done by folktales, fables, parables and proverbs.

·         It is said that wise men write the proverbs and fools begin to repeat them.

·         The proverb introduces the child to the quintessence of social experience.

·         It is said that to find the greatest value in the most commonplace statement is wisdom.The child is introduced to that process by fables, parables and, particularly, proverbs.

·         If the teacher knows the full value of the proverb, the child will be introduced to the essence of the proverb, maybe fully.

·         The teacher is the academic environment of the child.

·         It is impossible for the teacher or the parent not to be superstitious.

·         Generally, the very best of parents entertain 100% of superstition.

·         To believe that one is not superstitious is a superstition.

·         Being superstitious it is impossible not to transmit it to the child.

·         The hippy generation started condemning their parents for spoiling their lives, not realizing it is a process of living.

·         Are not the hippies doing the same thing to their children?

·         In the name of radicalism, to become fanatically superstitious is one rule of life.

·         The questions arise: How do we bring up our children? How does a school teach the child?

·         When the parent knows their psychological, social limitations, it is a great awareness. That is the maximum they can convey to the child.

·         Similarly, when the school is aware of its own limitations, which are about 100%, that is the best atmosphere the school can create for the children.

·         Even that awareness can be communicated as a superstition.

·         If that awareness does get communicated, the child not only begins to think for himself, but begins to observe, understand, form opinions and attitudes, shape motives for himself.

·         That is how the child conditions himself, which is an inevitable process.

·         To know that that is a process of conditioning is a spiritual awareness in the child. 

·         Once the child has that spiritual awareness, it cannot be made to learn any particularly subject.

·         For all appearances, the child will be wild, uncontrollable, perfectly insane.

·         If the school and the teacher know that this is the process through which man became civilized, acquiring a family, they can be expected to have patience with the child.

·         It is not a patience you can expect of people.

·         That is why a school with such an attitude can at best give the child an inner freedom to arrive at its own conclusions which are inconclusive.

·         That is the maximum freshness the school can impart to a child.

·         It is a truism of life that at every moment life is live. It is bursting with million propensities outside our conditioning and the circumstances—school, parents, society—are severely conditioning the child into one line of action.

·         Civilization means conditioning.

·         Psychological revolution means deconditioning.

·         Schools of the traditional type are meant for the majority of children.

·         It is difficult for the school to provide the opening for freshness and serve the majority of the children its social purpose.

·         To seek that blending should be our endeavour.

·         In other words, the school should be a miniature of the society that permits each man to seek his goal, providing the very best opportunity for the best material.

·         Only that society is doing it unconsciously. A school like ours should do it consciously.

·         If the blending is done with the best of intentions, it will help each person to understand Mother better.

 

 

 30. His gregarious instinct created the collectivity and its unit, the family.

 

  • What the scientist calls gregarious instinct is a human reflection of the spiritual Oneness.
  • Unity becomes Oneness and the One becomes the Many for the purposes of the play.
  • Play is the means of delight.
  • In the earlier species, there was no family of a mother taking care of the offspring until they were weaned away. The male protected the female during the weaning period.
  • Family was thus created and became the extended joint family, a unit of the group, because of the necessities of agriculture. Farming needed that social base.
  • As marriage and property have to go, the family is on the way out to a great extent.
  • The political leadership that was in the Royal family and in those above sixty symbolised the physicality of the society.
  • Royal Family and the divine right theory are no longer valid.
  • We see the ‘leadership’ coming down to youth, the adolescents and children which is a recognition of the psychic being and a non-recognition of age and experience which is physical experience.
  • It is symbolic of the recognition of the awakened psychic being.
  • India degenerated form spiritual knowledge to the worship of rituals. Even those rituals are lifeless.
  • Recognition of the Spirit in the West goes after vital spirits, the dead rituals or yoga of India. Now children respond to magic, a treasure of Atharva Veda.
  • Spirit is alive in the West as work values, psychological values and values in public life.
  • In India, the spiritual awareness is deeply buried but the karmic consequences keep it alive.
  • The response to Mahabharatha in India and in the West shows how alive is the spirit of the Spirit.
  • In the East as well as the West, if Spirit is ALIVE in any field it is in Romance till marriage kills it.
  • All values of all types are not only alive but are the central themes of fiction and film.
  • The QUALITY of products rises days by day which is a recognition of value in Matter, as technology is Mind expressed in matter.
  • Rationality which is Truth in Mind receives lip service. Paul Johnson described the total absence of rationality in the leading intellectuals of the last two centuries.
  • The two world wars have been the last act of humanity to overcome its collective physicality.
  • The worst crimes of humanity against man are the most intense negative aspect of it.
  • The Cold War was a symbol of the vital tyranny of mankind.
  • Its demise was initiated by USSR which organised tyranny and savagery by the State.
  • Those who have global or universal subtle vision see the pouring down of the Force on earth.
  • The evil is organised and entrenched in the infinitesimal.
  • So, the perfection must begin there as goodness that embraces evil.
  • To see the buried light in the infinitesimal as GOOD is all that man can do.
  • Further, man’s present day knowledge of history and world events has some basis, rather enough basis, to see the good that the evil does.
  • World events slowly reveal that aspect.
  • During the thirties, England was planning for prosperity ignoring the threat and rise of Hitler. It was not ignorance. It was a direction of Nature to let the evil grow to its height and do its service.
  • India accepted Gandhiji’s ahimsa and split the unity the British gave and permitted large scale bloodshed not because India was foolish, but because Nature had the necessity of exhausting the dead rote of rituals – Satyagraha was the crown of rituals without spiritual life in the human substance.
  • The surface life of men all over the world is in the total grip of millions of superstitions of which war in the physical, and individuality in the mental are two extremes.
  • The vital – mental individuality is a bar to human progress while the spiritual individuality is a step towards progress.
  • Spirituality of the Individual is the capacity to shed the seven ignorances.
  • Shedding practical ignorance a little is Prosperity.
  • Shedding constitutional ignorance is inner well being.
  • Presently the world is faced only with these two issues.
  • Abolition of poverty is abolition of practical ignorance in the physical ignorance.
  • Abolition of psychological ignorance is possible only when the scientists create a theory of creation that is valid.
  • Abolition of temporal ignorance demands faith and giving up of karma  and ….
  • Giving up reliance on Matter alone can abolish the egoistic Ignorance.

 

 

31. The family begins with the father, mother and children.

 

  • When the biological evolution matures into sociological evolution, the first appearance was the family.
  • Mother taking care of her offspring is a departure from instinct to training, from the inborn vital instinct to the mental knowledge of the mother passing on to the offspring.
  • Progress prefers the ineffective training by the Mind to the unfailing inherited instinct.
  • It is simultaneously accompanied by the male father guarding the female and children.
  • Man being the most developed mammal takes the longest period for being weaned away from the family.
  • Thus rearing and weaning period become an index for the advance of the species.
  • Not only the weaning period lengthens in Man, but the family gets extended developing physical attachment and vital proximity.
  • In that sense, joint family is a remnant of our animal past.
  • As elsewhere, this has the other side.
  • The mere physical body, through the joint family, develops vitality, a vertical growth.
  • Now the joint family is yielding place to nuclear family and even a single parents family.
  • Is this a progress or deterioration?
  • It is a progress if one is on the path of discovering his spiritual individuality.
  • It is deterioration if one develops selfishness in the name of individuality.
  • America came into being because the awakened Europeans wanted to be themselves, to give full play for their individuality uninhibited by the tyranny of the class distinction.
  • The caste in India, the class in England are artificial.
  • USA was born as a leader of social evolution to break that artificiality.
  • Mother says the USA remains to be the evolutionary vanguard of the world.
  • In one sense, the reactionaries of any country are capable of the same intensity of fanaticism.
  • One nation cannot be a leader without the necessary evolutionary foundation.
  • America’s quest for spirit is silly and childish, but her culture in imitated all over the world because behind this quest lies the economic, political, and military strength, but not the spiritual foundation.
  • India has the spiritual foundation, but the masses mistake religious worship for spirituality. She is poor, illiterate, weak militarily.
  • In the future, military might may become otiose, not economic and political power.
  • Should India bring her Spirit to the surface so much that her political wisdom is heard with respect and economically she is as strong as others, India’s spirit will be acknowledged.
  • It may not be acknowledged as the pure spirit.
  • It will be acknowledged in terms of the West whose organisation now excels.
  • A spiritual organisation that is SEEN as more powerful than their mental organisation will win India the initial respect of the West.

 

 

32. Once the family comes into existence, necessarily division of labour comes in.

 

  • The father is the breadwinner, the mother rears the children.
  • Any move will continue to the end as the division of Mind ends in the atom.
  • Division of labour is a useful arrangement in production.
  • The elder child takes care of the younger ones, assists the father or mother in work.
  • The family is the social unit.
  • As is the family, so is the society.
  • Division of labour was a great innovation in manufacturing. It enhanced production.
  • Any method will not suddenly sprout.
  • Its distant origins can be traced.
  • In philosophy, one method of analysis is called inquiry from the first principles.
  • As Krishna is from the Overmind, any Indian who takes to an inquiry will go to the root of it, as the characteristic of Overmind is to split the infinite into the infinitesimal. No wonder Churchill said such an inquiry is anathema to the British mind.
  • In a school each subject is taught separately. This is not undesirable, but through a single context many subjects can be taught. It may prove to be more powerful sometimes.
  • Family’s coming into existence is the beginning for an organised society.
  • The herd is not the society, though the herd too acts on the instinct.
  • Family is highly valued in India. We speak of friends as one of the family.
  • The origin of family is the division of labour and the first signs of the future birth of the society.
  • Duty born out of physical attachment is the basis of the family.
  • The birth of DUTY is the birth of values.
  • In that sense, the birth of the family is the first inkling of spirit in life.
  • Sometimes a company acts as a family. It is a higher duty of fellow feeling.
  • Sri Aurobindo says there is only one body in the world which the ego perceives as many bodies.
  • Family and its birth is the earliest recognition of that one body.
  • In the school, we know there is only one subject – knowledge.
  • We split it into many subjects and read them specially.
  • Unity is the base; division is the functional instrument.
  • Division is only an appearance.
  • No work can be done today, no subject can be read without dividing it into parts.
  • The study will become complete only when the subject is viewed as a whole.
  • It is said the modern world was born between 1815 and 1830.
  • It was Napoleon who contributed to the society “in three years what the kings took centuries to do”. Whatever he started was completed after his abdication.
  • 1815-1830 is that period.
  • It is noticed that all that Leonardo wrote in his notebooks became real after the birth of Sri Aurobindo.

 

 

33. Division of labour gives birth to an advantage as well as a disadvantage.

 

  • This is a basic truism in creation as we view it by the Mind. But such a phenomenon does not exist when we cross the Mind.
  • Before the arrival of the railways, travel to Varanasi involved long number of days, insecurity, inability to carry cash, etc. After the arrival of the railways, banks have come, security is established, etc.
  • As we view the world through Mind, we have to accept the dualities. Whether in yoga or family or education, our endeavour is to overcome these dualities.
  • Dualities disappearing is progress. That is the path to Supermind. Our strategies everywhere are only that. When I speak of evolving the spiritual organisation, that is what I mean.
  • A hundred years ago when a wedding was to be arranged, all the provisions – rice, gram, dal, appalam, leaf, chilli, etc. – had to be grown on one’s own field. Invitations had to be personally delivered and reserved for each meal. That was a physical organisation. Raise it to the mental organisation. By the time you do so, MIND in the society is organised. Money, a mental tool, was born and used. Things await your exploiting them.
  • What do we mean by a spiritual organisation. There is a Spirit around us. It is organised at its own speed. Example of 35(i)(iii) exemption. We understand it as prayer, Mother’s Grace. That is right. Understand it as a spiritual organisation. It acts as follows.
    • One starts with a perception of a spiritual organisation. It means he has faith.
    • Faith grants him membership in that organisation.
    • As your brother awaits you at the railways station in Madras when you inform him of your arrival -- a mental communication – everything awaits you everywhere to accomplish your work.
    • If this principle is comprehended, one can easily see how a hundred year work can be completed in a hundred days. Let us come later as to how to do it.
    • What a poor man takes years to complete, a man of status completes in a matter of days. It is social organisation at work (Quotation from Sri Aurobindo from Agenda, Vol. 7, p. 174).
    • The token experiment in ‘Spiritual Opulence’ explains how to do it once.
    • Division of labour makes everyone an expert in one special item and ignorant of every other item.
    • Overcoming division of labour, everyone is raised to a high pedestal where everyone is an extraordinary expert in everything. This is the principle that the finite is the frontal appearance of the Infinite. Every child is infinite. The more dull it is, the better. Training is a physical method. Teaching the mind is a mental method. Evoking the Spirit and allowing the child to GROW in knowledge is a spiritual method.
    • One cardinal principle or index that we are using the spiritual method is indicated by what we are seeking seeks us. We must not go about collecting resources.

 

34. The advantages are occasions for human relationship.

 

  • Teamwork creates team spirit.
  • When you have to work with another person or several others, a great world of human propensities opens up.
  • What someone tells us will reveal that we were foolish all these days.
  • One important person will strongly believe a wrong fact. In a committee, one cannot refute it even if it is right to do so.
  • People who have long worked in collective committees are wise for this reason.
  • We understand it as compromise, adjustment.
  • Really, teamwork enables us to concentrate on another’s strength that is useful, in utter disregard of all their defects.
  • Spiritually, it is a subtle awareness of our own weakness, but unconsciously.
  • In a family, this aspect fully rises to the surface.
  • Families that take advantage of such relationships become cultured.
  • The major question here is what is human relationship?
  • Human life is one of human relationships.
  • Suppose you can do a work excellently and you are to work with a stupid man, especially when he is your boss, you learn to accomplish working it in a foolish way. That makes you very, very efficient.
  • When you are unskilled and have to work with a skilled person, you learn a lot.
  • In this relationship, there are two parts: 1) work, 2) the other person.
  • Unless you adjust to both, the work never gets accomplished.
  • The level at which each man adjusts decides his accomplishment.
  • That which does it is his personality.
  • Those who are successful are successful at the minimum level.
  • He who does it at the maximum level, opens up opportunities.
  • At its very best, a family can give its members the maximum the society can offer. It can go further too. It can show him Brahman.
  • The ways in which the various forces are at play and arrive at a resultant is the art of life.
  • The art of life can be a tangled knot or a door that opens on to heaven.
  • If one in the family takes up the role of making everyone get the maximum out of the family, he can raise his family to be the number one family is his world.
  • If they refuse to get the benefit, he will rise to the maximum possible limit.
  • Human relationship contains in itself the whole world.
  • The school can partially attempt to be a family or even society.
  • A family can do so to be a school or society.
  • The results are determined by one’s aspiration to be God.
  • A school is successful in the measure of awakening one’s aspiration.
  • A society that awakens one’s spiritual aspiration is a spiritual society. There is a story that Vyasa wanted to go to the forest to do tapas for 12 years when he was born.

 

 

35.              The disadvantage is to feel the importance of separateness.

 

o        The Rishi realised the white existence of Shiva.

o        He also realised the dance of kali.

o        How one is related to the other remained a mystery to the rishi as his highest instrument could see only one part at a time.

o        Sri Aravindam acts from the Supermind which is capable of seeing the parts separately, seeing them as a part of the whole as well a seeing the relationship between the white existence of Shiva and the ecstatic dance of Kali.

o        Division of labour is the ORGANISATION which enables one, especially the head of the family, to see the importance of the individual, the importance of the family as well as the importance of their relationship.

o        The social values of humanity had matured during the period of evolving agriculture matured to express this unity. It was an unconscious spiritual organisation.

o        The Vedic rishis could live in tune with nature before agriculture evolved.

o        That unity is of value for created existence. It was lost later.

      • The Rishi and Purohit parted company.
      • The rural and urban cleavage came in.
      • The primary necessities of the rural agriculture and the cultural possibilities of urban living each asserted its independence and created an opposition.
      • To restore the Supramental unity, or the unity at the Supramental level is to erase the gap between rural based agriculture and the urban based higher culture . (The 400 acres cyber city near Pune shows the way. Report in Indian Express on March 31. 2004).
  • The teacher who is a vehicle of education becoming the obstacle of thinking and intelligence, in the words of Russell, represents the MYSTERY between the ONE and the Many the Rishis felt.
  • The Mayavadins saw creation as maya and pleaded for its abolition.
  • The Materialist was unable to see the consciousness and denied it.
  • The conceptually creative Maya, indeed, creates the Many out of the One retaining the oneness. The dynamically executive Prakriti executes the intention of Nature thus exhausting the energy and play. The conceptively creative Shakti which also dynamically executes demands the surrender of Ishwara to its working. Ishwara is to shed the aloofness of Purusha and the apparent separateness of Brahman from Maya.
  • The child is a separate entity, an entity of infinity appearing finite.
  • The teacher is the true Infinite putting up the appearance of the finite through the strategies of memorisation, understanding, intuition, identity, etc. The teacher should blossom in the finite child as the original infinite knowledge. This is done in an atmosphere of FREEDOM.
  • The school is an academic theatre which offers itself as a field where teachers help students until they discover their own personality while guarding their unformed personality from wrongly organising itself.
  • This is not done by discipline, or even self-discipline. It is allowed to form itself in an atmosphere of Freedom where human consciousness transcends the need for organisation or discipline.

 

  1. Separation organises into selfishness. Selfishness leads to perfection of selfish efficiency.

 

  • Each is in all; all in each is the formula of the Upanishads.
  • Mind being partial saw the first half. That is how selfishness developed.
  • Separation is created by the ego.
  • Ego gives rise to self-importance.
  • Ego too is of the infinite. Therefore, ego has its own efficiency.
  • It is selfish efficiency. What we call civilisation today is the result of selfish efficiency.
  • Efficiency has two sides.
  • Families and schools develop selfish efficiency.
  • At many points the society compels a man to be selfless as a trader has to please the buyer.
  • He who is selfless without any such compulsion achieves.
  • Is it possible in a school to teach subjects like mathematics and physics so that selflessness can develop?
  • The universality of laws, energy, etc., are principles against narrow personal selfishness.
  • He who understand that a law applies to all, conceives that Self is not all.
  • From early ages the activities in the school can be organised where selflessness is automatic.
  • Sri Aurobindo says the Supreme is egotistic as He wants everything done as He wants.
  • Actually, self should change into Self.
  • Selfishness exists only on the surface mind.
  • It is fortified by Mind and Time.
  • The joy of being small is a consummate joy.
  • There is a security in being selfish.
  • Efficiency is an organisation.
  • Organisation is neutral.
  • Selfishness being limited, efficiency can be great there.
  • It is made possible by separation.
  • Recognition of others and harmony with them helps overcome selfishness.
  • One trait of selfishness is its capacity to hold on to what it has.
  • It rarely occurs to us that ONLY when we give up what we have will the Infinite flow into us.
  • Intense emphasis on selflessness will develop selfishness is a law.
  • Selflessness must be natural.
  • One needs to see how selflessness is GOOD in itself.
  • Separation is good for developing Individuality.
  • Individuality, in its essence, expresses uniqueness.
  • Individuality can degenerate into selfishness.
  • To distinguish between Individuality, privacy, selfishness, courtesy, culture, and higher manners is a valuable discrimination that a school can foster.
  • As kids love animals, they can be taught through animal stories.
  • Education that is entertainment is enlightenment.
  • Hence, literature is of value.

 

 

37.      A relationship with another compels the separate entity to shed its separateness.

 

§         Creation is a play of the One becoming the Many interacting among themselves and with the One.

  • This play takes the Infinite 1. into the infinitesimal, and 2. into its opposite.
  • To make this play possible, ego created the separate entity.
  • For the same reason, relationships come into existence.
  • Philosophically, the play is described as one between existence and existence, consciousness and consciousness and Ananda and Ananda.
  • Creation which is involution creates dualities simultaneously.
  • Overmind takes the Infinite existence into infinitesimal possibilities.
  • Human life is a small portion of it.
  • Teaching in the class is naturally an infinitesimal part of it.
  • Relationships in teaching are:
    • Between the teacher and children
    • She has too many children to deal with
    • No one has the mental capacity to observe all the children
    • Usually good teachers raise situations where all the kids are attracted to him.
    • When a story is told and the class is listening with attention, simultaneously a million sounds are heard from outside and equally a million things go into the sensations of the children subconsciously.
    • There is a silent interchange subconsciously taking place.
    • That belongs to the yogic existence.
    • In education, we confine ourselves to the conscious relationships created.
    • Each such relationship compels one to go out of his ego.
    • The ego shrinks; the relationship expands.
  • Our question in the classroom is HOW are we to view these relationships:
    • One boy tickles another
    • Another boy’s attention is riveted on the teacher
    • A third boy sleeps
    • One pinches another
    • Another wants more of the story, etc.

 

  • The teacher is prohibited from frowning on any of these relationships. He must understand them
    • from his own above point of view
    • from the point of view of the kids;
    • from the point of view of the subject, the sensations they create.

 

  • No teacher is either qualified for this, nor is she expected to be qualified for such a work.
  • Our work is NOT to be negative.
  • When we are NOT negative, the children will be negative.
  • The teacher needs to prevent the children from being negative.
  • Preventing the children from being negative, guiding them to shape their own personalities along their own lines when they have attained that stage is the only thing the teacher can do.

 

 

38. When the children arrive, both (selfishness and human relationship) become aggrandisement.

 

  • Children are part of our being. They are really an extended part of our being.
  • As we change from childhood to old age, in the next generation in the children we change.
  • We see it as a different behaviour.
  • We don’t see it as our own behaviour.
  • The changes that we see in the children are a result of the shaping of the environment.
  • They occur in different ways.1. We find more of our qualities in them. 2. We find a certain quality in us non-existent in them. 3. We find the very opposite quality of ours in them. This is so because characteristics are not fully developed in one birth. When they are fully developed one becomes indifferent or longs for the opposite.
  • The spiritual principle behind it is, life is a whole full of positive and negative. For example, an intelligent man’s son can be more intelligent. His grandson can be much more intelligent. The great grandson can be dull. In the next generation, there may be an idiot.
  • Socially, for us intelligence is welcome, dullness is not. Spiritually, dullness is as much an experience as intelligence or stupidity.
  • A soul aims at undergoing every possible experience on earth. That is why one needs 84,000 births.
  • While you are in nature – Becoming – this development is understood as karma and explained as such.
  • While you are in the Being, this change is explained by Sri Aurobindo as spiritual evolution.
  • The reason why all people are equal at the spiritual level is the fact that each soul has to undergo all the experiences, each according to its preference, choice, circumstance.
  • A soul carries what is given to it by the previous generation, what it has gained from the previous birth and what it aims to become in this birth.
  • Why should selfishness act like a human relationship while they are opposite?
  • It is easy to understand that selfishness aggrandises itself.
  • It is not equally easy to see the human relationship organising selfishness.
  • It is so by the choice of the self.
  • One – Self – can use the human relationship to outgrow selfishness or strengthen it.
  • If a teacher or mother is perceptive, she can see all these things every minute in the children provided she trains herself to see the relationship between two children in this life. 
  • The teacher or mother will be able to see that in the children if she has observed them in herself.
  • To observe herself, she cannot observe herself being herself.
  • Observation requires detachment.
  • When you consider yourself as a second person, you can observe yourself.
  • It occurs in more than one way. 1. separating the emotion from the mind, 2. extracting the fact from the sense impression, 3. moving away from Nature to Being. 4. By a determined attitude of rationality. 5. simply by being in Mother’s atmosphere.
  • In the 20th century it is said 125 million people were killed in wars, famines, pestilence, riots, etc.
  • The physical which has learned once will not forget.
  • It not only not forgets, it begins to adore.
  • It adores not only the high things but low things as well.
  • It will be surprising for us to know that a poor man, a beggar, an idiot, an incapable man, a detestable person, a disgusting personality, all love what they are as much as the wealthy man, the great soul, the genius, the affluent enjoy what they are.
  • As long as they enjoy anything, they are in the becoming and the world will detest them for that, whether it is high or low.
  • When they are oblivious of what they are, the world will recognise what they are and respond.

 

 

39. Children represent 1. what you are, 2. what you are not, 3. what you really are, but don’t want to express.

  (no comment)

40. Any trait or skill or attitude has a tendency to grow in subsequent generations, so we say, as is the father, so is the son.

(no comment)

41. When the particular trait is fully experienced by the being of the family, it readily reverses into the opposite.

  • If a man is fully attached to his family and identified with them, and he has the trait of goodness, when the whole family experiences goodness, it will reverse into evil, as long as we are in the Becoming. To rise out of the Becoming into the Self-Existent Goodness of the Being, we have to exhaust the experience of both good and evil.
  • When we see a man or person or personality or a being, it has material, vital, mental, spiritual, universal, supramental dimensions.
  • What we call man is the transcendent in life.
  • Freedom is the law of the transcendent. It includes the freedom to restrict or to lose the freedom.
  • Freedom becomes complete when it exercises its right to be in fetters. In human life it is called patience.
  • In spiritual life it is called equality. Equality is defined by Sri Aurobindo as the consciousness of the Infinite.
  • Patience means the capacity not to initiate.
  • The capacity not to initiate is the other side of the capacity to act instantaneously.
  • One is the infinite expansion.
  • The other is the infinite expressing in the infinitesimal.
  • The infinite expressing in the infinitesimal in the plane of time is called instantaneous, sometimes instantaneous miraculousness. Miracle is the law of one plane expressing in another.
  • For the instantaneousness and miraculousness to combine one essential condition is, the outer should become the inner. The outer is the objective, the inner is the subjective. It is the One the split itself into the subject and object.
  • When the object becomes the subject, the duality becomes oneness.
  • When this phenomenon is observed in the plane of time, it becomes instantaneous.
  • Observed in the plane of space, the infinite space appears as one point.
  • When we say the macrocosm is in the microcosm, the Infinite is in the infinitesimal, the outer and inner is included in the higher plane of the inner, Time and Timelessness coexist in simultaneous time eternity and timeless eternity, we arrive at the point which the rishis said they did not know, meaning, how the One became the Many.
  • When we go from One to Many, it is creation or involution.
  • When we go from the Many to the One, it is evolution.
  • Whether it is involution or evolution it is a play, Lila. So, a distant little reflection of this philosophical truth we see in our children, which is our extended personality.

 

42. These rules are the same for the individual as well as the collective.

 

  • One man or a hundred men, or a few men, can represent humanity and overcome any trait or all the consciousness of humanity on their behalf by his aspiration. “One man’s perfection can save the world.”

 

43. Education is of the descent.

  • The lower hemisphere is world of ignorance.
  • It is in the plane of time.
  • It is a world created by mind.
  • It ranges from physical to mental, each dividing into consciousness and substance.
  • The history we know is the history of this world.
  • Man, outside spirituality, may know the higher world, but never acts in terms of it. The higher world is in Timelessness.
  • The higher world is not vitiated by all that the lower world is vitiated by, but the dualities don’t cease even in the higher world.
  • Up to the overmental plane of the Gods, life is full of dualities of opposites. Though the higher world is also full of dualities, they are not the opposites. For instance, good is the opposite of evil in the lower world. In the higher world, the dualities appear as good and what is better.
  • The idea of descent is not unknown to the world. The conscious conception of descent commences in the Supermind. In the lower hemisphere, one can rise from physical to the mental. And there will be some unconscious descent.
  • Having partial or paltry influence, the moment the Supermind is reached effectively, descent is a natural phenomenon.
  • Supermind is of the whole. The characteristic of the whole is to make all parts whole.
  • To say Infinite denotes the whole.
  • When we say the Infinite emerges from the finite, we mean the whole makes the part whole.
  • In a classroom, we consider the child as the finite and the teachers as the Infinite, whereas both are smaller and bigger finites of various types. If the teacher or the school aims at the whole of knowledge, considering education as a whole, the atmosphere will pervade the school. It will create the conducive condition for the child to emerge out of its self-chosen imprisonment.
  • If it ever happens it will be violent, vulgar and will be a non-stop flood.
  • Therefore, turbulent children are potentially infinite.
  • If the teacher responds to the turbulence of the child patiently, the turbulence will work itself out and settle down as greater patience, making the teacher reveal to herself that she is finite witnessing the emergence of the Infinite in the child.
  • If the teacher conditions or disciplines the child into good behaviour, she will be doing a cardinal disservice to the cause of education.
  • The same thing will be done by teachers who are enthusiastic or over enthusiastic about teaching. When a teacher makes the class excited, animated, pleasant to herself, expansive in the students, she is being a good teacher.
  • It means she is closing all avenues of education in the children and in herself. Education is an emergence of knowledge from ignorance.
  • Enthusiasm, expansiveness, animated behaviour are active enjoyment of ignorance.
  • Attention matures into affection. Affection is physical when proximity is demanded.
  • It is vital, when it is pleasant. It rarely becomes mental.
  • Affection, though it contains the seed of spirituality (love) as we practise it, is the antithesis of love.
  • Love is calm, strong, involuntarily giving, incapable of receiving, amoral, non-social, non-psychological.
  • The animated teacher creates a wall between the aspiring student and the descending love for the simple reason that love is calm. Love is one of the three expressions of Ananda.
  • Affection at its best is an active expression of the vital.
  • Those who experience spiritual joy, even at its ecstatic peaks, would have experienced it in a calm, inner poise.
  • Exhilaration, expectation, celebration, having an aim, ideas of human service, aspects of human love all have nothing to do with what is called love.
  • When Ananda divides itself into three, the vital perceives it as warm, intense joy.
  • To the organised, perceptive mind, Ananda reveals the lines of beauty.
  • The soul touched by Ananda experiences the spiritual emotion of Love.
  • Idealists of one type or another, through one route or another, for one reason or another,  have the power of making the higher lower.
  • Education is a descent is what we said earlier. It is a descent of the aspects of the Spirit. Light is one of those aspects.
  • Light descends into the mind as knowledge.
  • Aspects of the Spirit do not act in isolation. There is always a combination. When all of them combine together, it becomes Spirit.
  • When Truth acquires knowledge, it becomes goodness.
  • When power acquires joy, it becomes the calm strength of compassion.
  • When love acquires knowledge, it expresses as sweetness in the nerves. Actually it travels beyond the nerves, reaches the Spirit in you, and creates the sensation of sweetness.
  • It is felt in the body as a chillness. Someone felt it as a soft, velvety feeling.
  • In the very severe, limited context of education in the school, education acquires two more dimensions of enjoyment and entertainment.
  • Excitement is the entertainment of the vital.
  • When education entertains, the enjoyment is mental in No. 2.
  • When it entertains, it acquires the curiosity to seek more of it.
  • As we have always been saying, there are 12 aspects of the Spirit and 8 planes of existence.[1]
  • The 12 aspects of Spirit are Silence, Peace, Infinity, Eternity, Truth, Unity, Goodness, Knowledge, Power, Beauty, Love and Joy.
  • What we call life is a field of play of the human personality where the twelve aspects interact with the eight planes. Each of them has two parts and two sides. The two parts are consciousness and substance. The two sides are positive and negative.
  • It is a way of speaking to say there are two sides. Actually there are infinite sides.
  • In a classroom, any act of the student or the teacher or interaction must be understood as one expression of these 96 possibilities splitting into 192 and further into 384.
  • Practically it is not possible. It is enough and it is necessary that the teacher must learn to keep on the right side under any of these considerations.
  • Looked at from this point of view, with an understanding that education is a descent, if the teacher does not take active initiative to darken the atmosphere of the class and still has the strength of personality to keep some good behaviour in the students, based on their reverence for the teacher, it is a good beginning.
  • The end will be when the teacher knows in which of these 384 positions a certain event takes place. Keeping up the positive atmosphere at that position, the teacher will elevate herself, and be a channel for the descent of education. The right indication for her doing that is the calm joy of the class which Mother calls the child like smile of a lion.

 

 

44. Education is inherently contradictory because one generation tries to teach another which is more evolved.

 

  • Times are changing, society is evolving day by day. It is a truism in all training that a man practices all his life what he has learned in the training more or less.
  • Nowadays society is changing rapidly. Often the next generation is opposite to the previous generation. They may even be radically so. That itself partly is a cause of education.
  • When the teacher and the parent belong to one generation, a forty year old parent or even a twenty year old parent is twenty years behind the requirements of the present child.
  • The parent or the teacher knows and values only what he has learned twenty years earlier. He can teach only what he knows.
  • More than the material, the method is important.
  • As years pass by, society grows in freedom in its appreciation of human values.
  • Children of today deserve greater freedom than their parents enjoyed or were denied.
  • But the only possible thing is, the parent as well as the teacher can have only those attitudes with which they have been brought up. They value what they possess.
  • They impose it on the child.
  • To them, what they have is valuable and noble.
  • Society is a living organisation. Constantly hundreds of new ideas are entering. It changes it attitudes towards criminals, money, property, government, institutions and education.
  • Children of today are subconsciously receptive to those changes.
  • Unless the parent is consciously receptive to those ideas, and takes full efforts to give up what they have inherited, they are not qualified to teach the child.  It is called generation gap.
  • These are changes which historians perceive after a few hundred years. Even their perception is partial.
  • The Depression that took over the world in 1929 has not yet been explained.
  • Churchill said he did not know why the British public had a great love of democracy.
  • India attained freedom in 1947 and in the following years forty country followed suit.
  • In each case there is an explanation. It is partial, or inadequate, or contrary to truth.
  • The Chinese loved torture and their methods are known to be most gruesome.
  • It was so till 1930. Soviet Russia sponsored State Socialism and ended up as a police state.
  • It is said one can be wise after the event.
  • There are many facets of human life which Shakespeare portrayed in all his plays. Mahabharata presented them in all details. They remain unexplained.
  • Great poets know what happens. They do not always know why it happens because our instrument is partial mind, life is a whole. It is part of a bigger whole of Nature.
  • Nature emerged out of the Being. The Being is the first product in creation from the silent, immutable, ineffable Brahman.
  • Sri Aurobindo says that Brahman is in search of delight. Therefore he says it turns itself into the opposite until it forgets itself. By doing so, the Brahman enjoys the taste of Ignorance.
  • Emerging out of Ignorance, it becomes knowledge. That emergence is called evolution.
  • There is a joy in that self-discovery.
  • These things can be explained only from the point of view of that self-discovery.
  • No philosophy in the world has explained the presence of evil, suffering, death, rebirth adequately.
  • Parents trying to teach children is an exercise in ignorance, often a determined effort in evil.
  • Still, education is a positive evolutionary force in the society as well as in creation.
  • To become a valid teacher, one must be able to know in himself, the conflict that is going on between ignorance and knowledge.
  • By definition, the child is ahead of him.
  • An ignorant father trying to educate his son can give him material support, moral encouragement, but cannot help him in the process of education. When the father insists on teaching the child what he knows, he is trying to reverse the evolutionary course when he becomes evil incarnate.
  • From the days of inception of education, education has this character.
  • One reason why geniuses drop out of schools every early in life is this.
  • Russell has given a graphic description of this process. (“Education is one of the chief obstacles to intelligence and freedom of thought.” )
  • It is true the child has to be reared, made into an adult, acquire manners, acquire a desire for education and have all the material support necessary.
  • It is equally true all these things are coming to him fully mixed with opposite forces and attitudes.
  • Especially in the case of very bright children, the earlier they leave the school system, the better.  They may get out of the school system, but they will be within the family. The family will have pronounced antipathy for the child that is not going to school.
  • What is needed is self-awareness in the child as well as in the parents.
  • Society values employment and a degree that leads to employment. We can discard them as primitive people.
  • Suppose there are very enlightened parents and a most receptive child receiving the best of education through the best of attitudes. The difference between the cruel school system and the free home schooling will be a hair’s breadth.
  • At bottom, there is human nature which wants to preserve itself in the succeeding generation.
  • This is a point of view which the society at large is scarcely aware of.
  • As any other subject, education has a million aspects, like memorisation, thinking, development of the body, entertainment, enjoyment, artistic expression, freedom to think, to be.
  • Thousands of experiments are being conducted along each of these lines.
  • Each contains a valuable seed like a drop of fresh water thrown into the sea.

 

45. In the measure a generation recognises the freedom necessary for the next generation to fully benefit by the changing times, education is effective.

 

·         It is not possible, because people are physical and the physical loves to repeat. It is very strong and therefore it wants to dominate. Children are at the disposal of the parents so the tendency is to dominate and repeat.

·         The only thing they learn is the changing fashions. Very rarely you find a mental man.

·         Mind is understood to be the information one knows.

·         Mind at its very best in the world is physical mind.

·         Only in the Avatars like Buddha and Jesus does mind rise to the conceptual mind. If we leave out those exceptions, man in his mind is physical.  That is, he exercises his physical mind.

·         The physical mind is seated at No. 7 in the mind and No. 3 in the body, which are related.

·         Both of them have the same character in different measures.

·         We cannot advise parents or teachers not to teach and leave the children to themselves because the other side in them will quickly get organised into rowdies and gangsters.

·         The only thing that parents and the teachers can do is to mitigate the influence of violence organising itself. It is called civic manners.

·         The idea that one is a parent or a teacher giving the best of education to his children is at best a non-existent illusion.

·         What is true is, as life has evolved from matter and mind from life, Spirit is evolving from mind.

·         More than that, the Spirit is trying to evolve in mind, life and matter.

·         It occurs by experience which his absorbed and organised by one’s personality.

·         Personality as we know is a product of nature.

·         There is another side of personality which is a spiritual personality.

·         The spiritual personality is self-aware of its goal. It is limited to its goal.

·         It was self-conceived by the Self.

·         It is the Infinite in the finite.

·         When the Infinite in the finite becomes aware of itself and wants to shed the limitation and emerge out of its self-absorption, the Infinite fully emerges.

·         Sri Aurobindo says that we have found Sachchidananda as the reality.

·         That is what the Rishis discovered.

·         But we see the world of phenomena. The Rishis also know that it is the reality that has changed into phenomena.

·         They have declared that we have no right to question the reality on how it became the phenomena.

·         He further explains the process of creation requires three stages: 1. involution and self-absorption, 2. self-limitation of the infinitesimal, 3. evolution.

·         This He says is the key to the enigma of world creation.

·         Now we have the key. But we don’t have the lock into which it is to be turned.

·         He says we have to discover the lock.

·         He explains in the later chapters, the lock is the immutable, infinite, eternal Brahman trying to self-discover Himself after hiding in Himself.

·         That is the truth He has spoken first.

·         In the context of education, as the parent has a duty to rear the child into an adult, he also has the duty to know that he cannot educate his child.

·         That is a freedom inconceivable to the parent.

·         When the child is to be made into a fit member of the family, or a social success, the family can do it partially with ignorance.

·         The great achievements of education today are seen as socially successful individuals.

·         The help they have received from the parents and the family is social, psychological, physical, not spiritual.

·         As long as a school is trying to create socially successful individuals, this wide theoretical knowledge is of great value, because with the greatest knowledge possible in the world we are trying to achieve a tiny goal.

·         It is like a man living in a mango grove of a thousand trees, wanting to eat mango.

·         When you try to give psychological education, it’s not possible.

·         The first qualification for the parent to give psychological education is that he should be rational.

·         Paul Johnson studying the lives of more than a dozen eminent intellectuals of the past two hundred years demonstrates how they are liars, violent, womanisers, cruel, anti-social, and irrational in the extreme.

·         The world has not produced a rational man, though everyone is fully convinced that he is rational.

 

46. This is the freedom the family can give.

 

  • Though freedom is an attribute of the Spirit, nowhere does Sri Aurobindo list freedom as one of the twelve attributes of the Spirit.
  • He says from the earliest of times, man has aspired for God, freedom, light and immortality.
  • God is Himself. Light is the remembrance of God losing Himself.
  • Freedom is the power to emerge out of Ignorance.
  • Immortality is the result in matter.
  • Freedom is the condition in which the ignorant man discovers himself to be God to attain immortality in his world.
  • Therefore, He says freedom is the final law and last consummation.
  • In time, freedom is eternity.
  • In space, freedom is infinity.
  • Freedom exists in the unity of the creation with the creator.
  • Equality is described as the consciousness of the Infinite.
  • For a man to act in freedom, Sri Aurobindo says he must know that he has Infinity before himself.
  • That is spiritual patience.
  • He must be ready to act as if the act is to be completed in the same instant.
  • The knowledge that there is infinity before us and the patience that issues out of that when combined with the readiness to act as if the result is an instantaneous miraculousness, is the cosmic version of freedom beyond the cosmos.
  • At home or in class, it is very difficult to define freedom.
  • What prevails is the temperament and training.
  • The awareness of this freedom and the aspiration to acquire it results in the strength of spiritual equality.
  • Those who have that can hope to give any education to another.
  • Even if one does not have it, the knowledge that such freedom exists somewhere beyond the cosmos gives him a possible right attitude in the minimum.
  • In fact, family is an institution which supports the crimes a member commits and which makes him condemned by the society. In other words, what the society condemns, the family condones.
  • That is the essence of the family.
  • It is done by personal affection, collective responsibility and a patience that has no end.
  • In practical fact, if one member is dissipating and destroying the family, others who work hard and earn deny themselves the necessities and give him the money or material required for dissipation.
  • It can be done only with family and friends, not with others.
  • Family cannot emerge if this attitude is not there.
  • The family must have a patience till the erring member realises on his own and reverses his attitude.
  • In all cultured families, the struggle of the elders and other members to practise that is called family culture.
  • In other words, one has to appreciate what he understands to be the most horrible fact.
  • That is the freedom the family can give.
  • Therefore, family is an essential unit of society. Now family is on the way out.
  • The individual or a single parent must do the whole thing all by himself.
  • It is not done by training or knowledge. It is done by Self-awareness.
  • The self-aware individual is a spiritually awakened individual.
  • What Martin Luther started 500 years ago has its logical culmination in this attitude.
  • But we live in a world of human affairs where life is to be protected from gangsters, property is to be protected from thieves and children are to be protected from the cruelty of the parents.
  • These are conceptions which the human mind defies.
  • The human being today acts by his ego. Its direction is the opposite.
  • To be aware that the separative ego should be dissolved is the beginning of any education worth its name.

 

 

 

Presented by Growth Online

 

 

 

 

 



[1] Existence, consciousness, Ananda, Supermind, mind, life, psychic, matter.